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d Fertility Institute in Nairobi, the maps will provide up to date information on soil properties, derived from satellite measurements and sampling at 60 sites across Africa. Keith Shepherd, a soil scientist at ICRAF who has worked on the maps, michael kors outlet employee discount says that the analysis will inform agronomists and agricultural extension services about soil health and what nutrients are lacking. "Until now there was no unbiased sampling at this scale so there was no reliable data on acute problems," he says.
AGRA is also helping to bring some of Africa's better quality phosphate deposits into production, which will provide sub Saharan countries with a cheaper source of locally produced phosphate fertilizer.
Even so, fertilizer use in Africa is at the mercy of precarious politics. Although Rwanda's fertilizer programme is growing, Malawi's has started michael kors factory outlet store locations to fall apart as the country's economy has collapsed and its international relations have deteriorated.
michael kors outlet usa Many of Malawi's
michael kors outlet store real or fake biggest donors, including the UK government's Department for International Development, suspended budgetary support to the nation last year because of concerns about governance and the Malawian government's refusal to devalue its currency as recommended by the International Monetary Fund.
Although the United Kingdom reinstated some funding to help transport fertilizer, many Malawians couldn't purchase it this year. Changuya walked for an hour and a half to the depot in town, only to find that all the subsidized fertilizer was gone and she would not have been able to afford it anyway.
Greener solutionsWith fertilizer subsidy schemes in trouble, many researchers and donors are supporting more sustainable methods of boosting yields. They argue that long term fertilizer use is not only too expensive but also degrades the environment, in particular by releasing the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide.
"The conventional approach has been to focus on improved seeds and chemical fertilizers, but I think there is plenty of evidence to show that there are alternatives that demand significant attention," says Garrity.
One green solution gaining attention is to plant high protein nitrogen fixing legumes such as pigeon pea, peanuts and soya beans. With help from bacteria in their roots, legumes capture nitrogen from the atmosphere and convert it into compounds that can be used by plants. They can add up to 300 kg N ha1 to the soil in a season. Farmers can plant legumes next to grain crops or they can
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